Thursday, 19 November 2015
19th November 2015
Today we met up and discussed the basic outline for the film opening. We drew up a story board and plans for what possible shots we could have and places things would be set up in the room. We did this before writing up a script.
Wednesday, 4 November 2015
Understanding the importance of sound in films
Diegetic sound - Sound that comes from an object and that exists within the world of the text. Music coming from a car stereo for example.
Non diegetic sound - Sound that does not exist in the world of the text. A musical soundtrack for example.
On screen sound - Diegetic sound that comes from objects observable within the frame.
Off screen sound - Diegetic sound that comes from objects not seen within the frame. For example, the sound of a car approaching a house on the road outside as we view the interior.
Parrallel sound (synchronous) - Sound or music which matches the kind of action on the screen, for example a romantic ballad during a love scene.
Contrapuntal sound (asynchronous) - Sound or music which does not match the action on the screen, for example an upbeat piece of music during a sad scene.
Non diegetic sound - Sound that does not exist in the world of the text. A musical soundtrack for example.
On screen sound - Diegetic sound that comes from objects observable within the frame.
Off screen sound - Diegetic sound that comes from objects not seen within the frame. For example, the sound of a car approaching a house on the road outside as we view the interior.
Parrallel sound (synchronous) - Sound or music which matches the kind of action on the screen, for example a romantic ballad during a love scene.
Contrapuntal sound (asynchronous) - Sound or music which does not match the action on the screen, for example an upbeat piece of music during a sad scene.
Understanding editing in films
Action match - Matching the two actions together e.g walking down the stairs.
Continuity - The action carries on, continuous.
Cross cutting - Alternating scenes that are happening at the same time but in different locations. The pace gradually gets faster and tension builds.
Cutaways - An action, a different action or scene and then back to the original action.
Cutting - To show realism, for example in conversations.
Dissolve - Where an image appears underneath another so both can be seen until there is just one.
Ellipsis - To take out the boring parts.
Eyeline Match - 3 shots, 1. characters face, 2. what they are looking at, 3. their reaction.
Fade in, fade out - Fades slowly into black and the next shot is shown.
Graphic Match - When 2 shots match graphically, often with an over lap transition, e.g Red traffic light turning into the sun.
Insert - Inserting a different shot from a different angle, doesnt cover the master shot. (acts as extra information)
Jump cut - To shorten a scene, e.g going down the stairs.
Long take - Creates a slower pace and conveys intensity and intimacy.
Non continuity - A miss match of scenes.
Parallel editing - 2 shots showing at once.
Post production - the editing after shooting.
Short take - Quick action shots (2 seconds). Conveys urgency e.g chase sequence.
Shot/reverse shot - Switching between 2 shots to show a conversation.
Slow motion - A shot is slowed down.
Superimposition - When 1 image is laid on top of another.
Visual effects - Distortion of the image for effect.
Wipe - A bar either horizontally or vertically come across the screen and the scene changes with the bar.
Continuity - The action carries on, continuous.
Cross cutting - Alternating scenes that are happening at the same time but in different locations. The pace gradually gets faster and tension builds.
Cutaways - An action, a different action or scene and then back to the original action.
Cutting - To show realism, for example in conversations.
Dissolve - Where an image appears underneath another so both can be seen until there is just one.
Ellipsis - To take out the boring parts.
Eyeline Match - 3 shots, 1. characters face, 2. what they are looking at, 3. their reaction.
Fade in, fade out - Fades slowly into black and the next shot is shown.
Graphic Match - When 2 shots match graphically, often with an over lap transition, e.g Red traffic light turning into the sun.
Insert - Inserting a different shot from a different angle, doesnt cover the master shot. (acts as extra information)
Jump cut - To shorten a scene, e.g going down the stairs.
Long take - Creates a slower pace and conveys intensity and intimacy.
Non continuity - A miss match of scenes.
Parallel editing - 2 shots showing at once.
Post production - the editing after shooting.
Short take - Quick action shots (2 seconds). Conveys urgency e.g chase sequence.
Shot/reverse shot - Switching between 2 shots to show a conversation.
Slow motion - A shot is slowed down.
Superimposition - When 1 image is laid on top of another.
Visual effects - Distortion of the image for effect.
Wipe - A bar either horizontally or vertically come across the screen and the scene changes with the bar.
Understanding camera angles and movement in films
Establishing Shot (EST)
Wide Shot (WS)
Long Shot (LS)
Medium Long Shot (MLS)
Medium Shot (MS)
Medium Two Shot (M2S)
Medium Close Up (MCU)
Close Up (CU)
Big Close Up (BCU)
Extreme Close Up (ECU)
Over The Shoulder (OTS)
Overhead Shot (OH)
High Angle (H/A)
Low Angle (L/A)
Deep Shot (DS)
- This establishes where the action takes place and sets the scene
- Often an exterior shot
- Usually a wide shot
Wide Shot (WS)
- Often but not always used as an establishing shot
- The point of this shot is to show the subject's surroundings
Long Shot (LS)
- A shot which shows all or most of a fairly large subjects, for example a person and usually much of the surroundings
Medium Long Shot (MLS)
- Knees to head with some background
Medium Shot (MS)
- Waist to head
Medium Two Shot (M2S)
- Similar to a MS but with two people
Medium Close Up (MCU)
- Head and shoulders
Close Up (CU)
- Shows a characters face
- Used to show emotion
Big Close Up (BCU)
- Forehead to chin
- Used to show extreme emotion
Extreme Close Up (ECU)
- A very tight shot, for example someone's eye or a door handle
Over The Shoulder (OTS)
- Used during a conversation
- MCU and the other persons shoulder/head/back etc
Overhead Shot (OH)
- Camera will be directly over the objects/actors
High Angle (H/A)
- Could be used to make the object/person look powerless
Low Angle (L/A)
- Could be used to make the object/person powerful
Deep Shot (DS)
- When something is in the foreground and something else is in the background
The role of different people on the titles
Producer - plays a vital role in the television, film and video industries. A producer will over see each project from start to finish and may also be involved in the marketing and distribution of the piece
Executive producer - to over see the work of the producer on behalf of the studio, the financiers or the distributors. They will make sure that the film is complete on time, within budget and to agreed artistic and technical standards.
Casting director - organises the casting of actors for all the roles in a film. This involves working closely with the director and producer to understand their requirements and suggesting ideal artists for each role, as well as arranging and conducting interviews and auditions.
Cinematographer - the chief over the camera crews working on a film and television and is responsible for achieving artistic and technical decisions.
Costume designer - a fashion professional who is responsible for creating the look and mood for actors in film, television and stage.
Production designer - responsible for the visual concept of a film, television or theatre production. They create a design for sets, locations, graphics, props, lighting, camera angles and costume while working closely with the director and producer.
Screenwriter - produce highly creative writing to strict deadlines. They work with a script development team to create a finished product. Sometimes producers bring in an additional screenwriter to improve parts of the screenplay.
Editor - polishes and refines the shots and directs the focus of the story or article or movie along a particular course. They cut out what doesn't fit to the story. They enhance major points and draw attention to places where the audience should look.
Composer - writes and directs original music to produce aural entertainment. The scores written need to be technically correct in order to create flawless performances by the musicians and ensembles.
Set designer - in charge of designing and creating the sets that appear in films, on television as well as in theatre. The role involves working and communicating with directors, producers, costumes designers and other members of staff.
Actor - plays a character in film, television or theatre. There are main actors and extras who appear in the background to usually make the scene more realistic.
Director - directs the making of the film. Generally controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects and visualises the script while telling the technical crew and actors what to do.
Executive producer - to over see the work of the producer on behalf of the studio, the financiers or the distributors. They will make sure that the film is complete on time, within budget and to agreed artistic and technical standards.
Casting director - organises the casting of actors for all the roles in a film. This involves working closely with the director and producer to understand their requirements and suggesting ideal artists for each role, as well as arranging and conducting interviews and auditions.
Cinematographer - the chief over the camera crews working on a film and television and is responsible for achieving artistic and technical decisions.
Costume designer - a fashion professional who is responsible for creating the look and mood for actors in film, television and stage.
Production designer - responsible for the visual concept of a film, television or theatre production. They create a design for sets, locations, graphics, props, lighting, camera angles and costume while working closely with the director and producer.
Screenwriter - produce highly creative writing to strict deadlines. They work with a script development team to create a finished product. Sometimes producers bring in an additional screenwriter to improve parts of the screenplay.
Editor - polishes and refines the shots and directs the focus of the story or article or movie along a particular course. They cut out what doesn't fit to the story. They enhance major points and draw attention to places where the audience should look.
Composer - writes and directs original music to produce aural entertainment. The scores written need to be technically correct in order to create flawless performances by the musicians and ensembles.
Set designer - in charge of designing and creating the sets that appear in films, on television as well as in theatre. The role involves working and communicating with directors, producers, costumes designers and other members of staff.
Actor - plays a character in film, television or theatre. There are main actors and extras who appear in the background to usually make the scene more realistic.
Director - directs the making of the film. Generally controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects and visualises the script while telling the technical crew and actors what to do.
Thursday, 22 October 2015
Preliminary Exercise
We included all 3 techniques:
- Match on action: When I was going into my locker to get a folder
- 180 degree rule: It appear through out because I always walked from left to right and was shown during shot/reverse shot
- Shot/reverse shot: This was shown during the conversation between Kelbie and I
Thursday, 1 October 2015
Codes and Conventions
Codes:
Media students identify three categories
of codes that may be used to
convey meanings in media messages:
TECHNICAL
CODES Include camera techniques, framing, depth of field, Mise en
scene, editing, lighting and sound.
SYMBOLIC
CODES Refers to objects, setting, body language, clothing and colour.
WRITTEN
CODES In
the form of headlines, captions, speech bubbles and language style.
Conventions:
Conventions are the generally accepted
ways of doing something, in the case of media texts, they are generally
accepted patterns of code that communicate a particular message.
There are general conventions in any medium, such as the use of quotes in a print article, but conventions are also genre specific. For example, in Westerns fights scenes are generally shot from a low angle, the setting is usually dusty and desolate, even the sounds used within the scene are conventional, such as castanets, or some sort of whistle.
There are general conventions in any medium, such as the use of quotes in a print article, but conventions are also genre specific. For example, in Westerns fights scenes are generally shot from a low angle, the setting is usually dusty and desolate, even the sounds used within the scene are conventional, such as castanets, or some sort of whistle.
The purpose: The
purpose
of a film opening is to show
action and
begin the viewers interest so they get immediately hooked into the film. The film
opening will
also clearly state the genre of the film, you will also most likely see either the
protagonist or
antagonist.
Timing conventions: Most film
openings are around 2 minutes
long.
However major blockbusters may be up to 5 minutes.
Set the scene Year
of setting, location etc.
Introduce the
key characters: Protagonist,
Antagonist,
sidekick etc.
Introduce pre
plot or beginning of the
narrative.
Establishes platform/
scene.
Key credits Such
as production
company, logos
and director.
Usually starts
with equilibrium.
A key
event will occur.
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